• Smurfit Westrock average gross margin for 2023 was 18.74%, a 2.57% decline from 2022.
• Smurfit Westrock average gross margin for 2022 was 18.27%, a 4.94% increase from 2021.
• Smurfit Westrock average gross margin for 2021 was 17.41%, a 5.84% increase from 2020.

Gross margin can be defined as a company's total sales revenue minus its cost of goods sold, divided by the total sales revenue, expressed as a percentage.