• Duolingo average gross margin for 2023 was 72.96%, a 0.37% decline from 2022.
• Duolingo average gross margin for 2022 was 73.23%, a 1.23% decline from 2021.
• Duolingo average gross margin for 2021 was 72.34%, a 1.27% increase from 2020.

Gross margin can be defined as a company's total sales revenue minus its cost of goods sold, divided by the total sales revenue, expressed as a percentage.