• BCE average return on tangible equity for 2023 was -46.08, a 58.54% decline from 2022.
• BCE average return on tangible equity for 2022 was -111.15, a 34.31% decline from 2021.
• BCE average return on tangible equity for 2021 was -169.21, a 40.79% decline from 2020.

Return on tangible equity can be defined as the amount of net income returned as a percentage of shareholders equity, after subtracting intangible assets, goodwill and preferred equity.