• Spotify Technology average return on equity for 2023 was -33.72, a 431.86% decline from 2022.
• Spotify Technology average return on equity for 2022 was -6.34, a 26.96% increase from 2021.
• Spotify Technology average return on equity for 2021 was -8.68, a 52.52% decline from 2020.

Roe - return on equity can be defined as the amount of net income returned as a percentage of shareholders equity. Return on equity measures a corporation's profitability by revealing how much profit a company generates with the money shareholders have invested.