• Novartis AG average operating margin for 2023 was 19.94%, a 1.09% increase from 2022.
• Novartis AG average operating margin for 2022 was 20.16%, a 11.07% decline from 2021.
• Novartis AG average operating margin for 2021 was 22.67%, a 28.73% decline from 2020.

Operating margin can be defined as operating margin measurement of what proportion of a company's revenue is left over after paying for variable costs of production such as wages, raw materials, etc.