• Church & Dwight average return on tangible equity for 2023 was -25.31, a 19.01% increase from 2022.
• Church & Dwight average return on tangible equity for 2022 was -31.25, a 22.74% decline from 2021.
• Church & Dwight average return on tangible equity for 2021 was -40.45, a 8.68% decline from 2020.

Return on tangible equity can be defined as the amount of net income returned as a percentage of shareholders equity, after subtracting intangible assets, goodwill and preferred equity.