• Church & Dwight average gross margin for 2023 was 43.13%, a 1.75% increase from 2022.
• Church & Dwight average gross margin for 2022 was 42.39%, a 3.88% increase from 2021.
• Church & Dwight average gross margin for 2021 was 44.1%, a 3.69% decline from 2020.

Gross margin can be defined as a company's total sales revenue minus its cost of goods sold, divided by the total sales revenue, expressed as a percentage.