• Vonovia SE average operating margin for 2023 was 25.04%, a 141.14% increase from 2022.
• Vonovia SE average operating margin for 2022 was -60.86%, a 5257.63% decline from 2021.
• Vonovia SE average operating margin for 2021 was 1.18%, a 94.66% decline from 2020.

Operating margin can be defined as operating margin measurement of what proportion of a company's revenue is left over after paying for variable costs of production such as wages, raw materials, etc.