• United Microelectronics average gross margin for 2023 was 39.25%, a 7.03% decline from 2022.
• United Microelectronics average gross margin for 2022 was 42.22%, a 49.08% decline from 2021.
• United Microelectronics average gross margin for 2021 was 28.32%, a 44.49% increase from 2020.

Gross margin can be defined as a company's total sales revenue minus its cost of goods sold, divided by the total sales revenue, expressed as a percentage.