• Smurfit Westrock average return on tangible equity for 2023 was -71.03, a 473.84% decline from 2022.
• Smurfit Westrock average return on tangible equity for 2022 was 19, a 39.59% decline from 2021.
• Smurfit Westrock average return on tangible equity for 2021 was 31.45, a 66.59% decline from 2020.

Return on tangible equity can be defined as the amount of net income returned as a percentage of shareholders equity, after subtracting intangible assets, goodwill and preferred equity.