• PDD Holdings 2023 shares outstanding were 1.46B, a 1.36% increase from 2022.
• PDD Holdings 2022 shares outstanding were 1.44B, a 0.83% increase from 2021.
• PDD Holdings 2021 shares outstanding were 1.428B, a 19.83% increase from 2020.

Shares outstanding can be defined as the number of shares held by shareholders (including insiders) assuming conversion of all convertible debt, securities, warrants and options. This metric excludes the company's treasury shares.