• Obayashi average operating margin for 2023 was 2.82%, a 30.54% decline from 2022.
• Obayashi average operating margin for 2022 was 4.06%, a 14.88% decline from 2021.
• Obayashi average operating margin for 2021 was 4.77%, a 10.84% decline from 2020.

Operating margin can be defined as operating margin measurement of what proportion of a company's revenue is left over after paying for variable costs of production such as wages, raw materials, etc.