• Nova average pre-tax profit margin for 2023 was 28.52%, a 3.94% increase from 2022.
• Nova average pre-tax profit margin for 2022 was 27.44%, a 12.32% increase from 2021.
• Nova average pre-tax profit margin for 2021 was 24.43%, a 19.99% increase from 2020.

Pre-tax profit margin can be defined as earnings before taxes as a portion of total revenue.