• Norfolk Southern average pre-tax profit margin for 2023 was 23.89%, a 28.26% decline from 2022.
• Norfolk Southern average pre-tax profit margin for 2022 was 33.3%, a 0.24% decline from 2021.
• Norfolk Southern average pre-tax profit margin for 2021 was 33.22%, a 27.28% increase from 2020.

Pre-tax profit margin can be defined as earnings before taxes as a portion of total revenue.