• Merck 2024 shares outstanding were 2.541B, a 0.24% decline from 2023.
• Merck 2023 shares outstanding were 2.547B, a 0.2% increase from 2022.
• Merck 2022 shares outstanding were 2.542B, a 0.16% increase from 2021.

Shares outstanding can be defined as the number of shares held by shareholders (including insiders) assuming conversion of all convertible debt, securities, warrants and options. This metric excludes the company's treasury shares.