• Mastercard average price/book ratio for 2023 was 61.16, a 28.41% increase from 2022.
• Mastercard average price/book ratio for 2022 was 47.63, a 6.86% increase from 2021.
• Mastercard average price/book ratio for 2021 was 51.14, a 3.25% decline from 2020.

Price/book ratio can be defined as