• Mastercard average price/book ratio for 2023 was 61.08, a 28.4% increase from 2022.
• Mastercard average price/book ratio for 2022 was 47.57, a 6.87% increase from 2021.
• Mastercard average price/book ratio for 2021 was 51.08, a 3.25% decline from 2020.

Price/book ratio can be defined as