• Kirin Holdings average operating margin for 2024 was 5.16%, a 0.58% decline from 2023.
• Kirin Holdings average operating margin for 2023 was 5.19%, a 92.94% decline from 2022.
• Kirin Holdings average operating margin for 2022 was 2.69%, a 38.86% increase from 2021.

Operating margin can be defined as operating margin measurement of what proportion of a company's revenue is left over after paying for variable costs of production such as wages, raw materials, etc.