• Hannover Ruck SE average return on investment for 2023 was 11.83, a 7.64% increase from 2022.
• Hannover Ruck SE average return on investment for 2022 was 10.99, a 59.51% increase from 2021.
• Hannover Ruck SE average return on investment for 2021 was 6.89, a 2.96% increase from 2020.

Roi - return on investment can be defined as an indicator of how profitable a company is relative to its assets invested by shareholders and long-term bond holders. Calculated by dividing a company's operating earnings by its long-term debt and shareholders equity.