• HITACHI CONSTR average operating margin for 2023 was 7.16%, a 9.48% increase from 2022.
• HITACHI CONSTR average operating margin for 2022 was 6.54%, a 10.16% increase from 2021.
• HITACHI CONSTR average operating margin for 2021 was 7.28%, a 9.11% decline from 2020.

Operating margin can be defined as operating margin measurement of what proportion of a company's revenue is left over after paying for variable costs of production such as wages, raw materials, etc.