• Volkswagen AG average operating margin for 2023 was 6.77%, a 19.5% decline from 2022.
• Volkswagen AG average operating margin for 2022 was 8.41%, a 9.36% decline from 2021.
• Volkswagen AG average operating margin for 2021 was 7.69%, a 101.31% increase from 2020.

Operating margin can be defined as operating margin measurement of what proportion of a company's revenue is left over after paying for variable costs of production such as wages, raw materials, etc.