• Banco Santander, S.A average return on assets for 2023 was 0.54, a 1.82% increase from 2022.
• Banco Santander, S.A average return on assets for 2022 was 0.55, a 27.91% decline from 2021.
• Banco Santander, S.A average return on assets for 2021 was 0.43, a 30.3% increase from 2020.

Roa - return on assets can be defined as an indicator of how profitable a company is relative to its total assets. Calculated by dividing a company's operating earnings by its total assets.