• Ensign average gross margin for 2023 was 16.35%, a 6.25% decline from 2022.
• Ensign average gross margin for 2022 was 17.44%, a 0.11% decline from 2021.
• Ensign average gross margin for 2021 was 17.46%, a 7.91% decline from 2020.

Gross margin can be defined as a company's total sales revenue minus its cost of goods sold, divided by the total sales revenue, expressed as a percentage.